warm season · Apiaceae
Growing Dill in Utah
Lets itself go to seed and self-sows — designate a "dill corner" and forget about it.
Schedule (May 15 last frost)
When to do what
Direct sow
5/15
First harvest
7/10
Dates are calibrated for SUS Farms (Sevier County, Zone 6a, last frost May 15). For your own date, use the interactive calendar.
Planting
How deep, how far apart
Method
Direct sow
Seed depth
0.25″
Plant spacing
6″
Row spacing
12″
Germination temp
60–75°F
Days to maturity
55 days
How we grow it
Step-by-step
- 1.
Direct sow 0.25″ deep, 6″ apart
Soil should be at least 60°F before sowing — black plastic mulch laid down two weeks ahead helps in our cool springs. Water in deeply.
- 2.
Mulch and water consistently
2" of straw or wood chip mulch around the base. Drip line at the surface. Aim for 1" per week — including rain — measured at soil level, not by the calendar.
- 3.
Harvest around day 55
Days-to-maturity is a rough guide — taste, color, and size are the real signals. Lets itself go to seed and self-sows — designate a "dill corner" and forget about it.
From the farm
What we’ve learned growing dill
Herbs like dill pull double duty on the farm — they flavor what we cook, attract beneficial insects to the vegetable rows, and most are forgiving enough to survive an inattentive week. We grow most of our culinary herbs in raised beds near the kitchen entrance; the ornamental and pollinator-magnet varieties go out in mixed border plantings.
Pests & problems
Apiaceae family pressures in Utah
Dill shares its troubles with carrots, parsley, dill, fennel, cilantro. The pests and diseases below show up most years; the fixes are what we actually do, not what catalogs sell.
Scout weekly during the growing season — most outbreaks are 10x easier to manage when you catch them in week one.
Pest 1
Carrot rust fly — adult lays eggs in soil at carrot base; larvae tunnel into roots. Floating row cover from sowing through harvest.
Pest 2
Parsley worm (black swallowtail caterpillar) — eats parsley, dill, fennel. Pretty butterfly though — leave a few unless it's decimating your patch.
Disease 1
Alternaria leaf blight — yellow-brown spots on older leaves. Improve airflow; rotate.
Disease 2
Aster yellows — leaves yellow then deformed. Vector is the aster leafhopper. Remove infected plants immediately; row cover during spring leafhopper migration.
Companion planting
What to plant near (and away from) dill
Most companion-planting charts you see online are folklore. The pairings below have either USU Extension research, Cornell vegetable MD pages, or our own multi-year farm logs behind them.
Plant near
Good companions
- ✓Onions, leeks (mask carrot scent from carrot rust fly)
- ✓Tomatoes (loosen soil for tomato roots, no competition)
- ✓Lettuce (shade-tolerant, fits between carrot rows)
Plant away from
Bad companions
- ✗Dill near carrots when carrots are forming roots — dill cross-pollinates and may produce off-flavor.
- ✗Fennel allelopathy hurts neighbors — give it its own corner.
Crop rotation
Apiaceae in year 4 alongside legumes. Don't plant in same bed back-to-back — carrot rust fly carries over.
Harvest & storage
Picking, keeping, preserving
When to pick
Mid-morning, after dew dries but before the heat rises. Essential oil concentrations peak just before flowering — pinch flower buds for the strongest flavor. Pick the upper third of the stem, never strip a plant of more than 30% of its leaves at once.
Drying for storage
Hang small bundles upside down in a dry, dark, ventilated room — attic, garage, or closet works. 10-14 days for most herbs. Store dried leaves in airtight glass jars away from light. Quality holds 1 year. Beyond that, the herbs are still safe but flavor fades fast.
Freezing
Better than drying for high-water herbs (basil, parsley, cilantro). Chop, pack in ice cube trays with a splash of olive oil, freeze, transfer cubes to a labeled bag. Drop straight into hot dishes — no thaw needed.
Mistakes we’ve made
Common ways to fail at dill
Each of these has cost us a season at some point. Easier to learn from someone else’s lost crop than your own.
Planting too deep
The fix:Dill seeds want exactly 0.25" of cover — about a quarter of an inch — about the diameter of a pencil. Deeper than that and the seedling exhausts itself before reaching light. Carrots and lettuce especially: shallow is right; sprinkle, then cover with a dusting of soil and tamp gently.
Watering on a calendar instead of by need
The fix:Stick a finger or screwdriver 4" into the bed. Damp at depth = wait. Dry at depth = water deeply. Calendar watering ignores rain, heat waves, and seasonal evapotranspiration — leading to either drought stress or root rot.
Ignoring soil pH
The fix:Most Utah backyard soil tests at pH 7.4-8.4 (alkaline). Iron and zinc become unavailable to roots above pH 7.5 — leaves yellow, growth stalls. A $20 mailer test from USU Extension tells you exactly what your soil needs. Sulfur amendment in fall, foliar iron mid-season as needed.
Planting too early
The fix:A warm-season crop set out before soil hits 60°F at 4" depth sits and sulks — sometimes for weeks before either dying outright or refusing to grow until July. Wait. Better to plant a week late than plant 3 weeks early into cold soil.
Common questions
Frequently asked about dill
+Can I direct-seed dill in Utah?
Yes. Direct sow, wait until soil temperature hits 60°F (use a soil probe thermometer; air temp is misleading). Sow 0.25" deep, 6" apart. Black plastic mulch laid 2 weeks ahead of sowing warms the soil 8-10°F faster.
+Why are my dill leaves turning yellow?
Three usual suspects. (1) Iron chlorosis — yellow leaves with green veins is the Utah classic; the cause is alkaline soil locking up iron. Foliar iron rescues the season; sulfur amendment in fall fixes it long-term. (2) Nitrogen deficiency — entire leaf yellow including veins, starts with old leaves. Side-dress with compost or a slow-release organic fertilizer. (3) Overwatering — yellowing accompanied by soft, mushy stems means the roots are drowning. Check drainage; reduce water frequency.
+Can I plant dill before the last frost date?
Not safely. Dill is a warm-season crop — even a light frost (28-32°F) kills the plant or stunts it for the rest of the season. Wait until soil hits 60°F at 4" depth AND there are no freezing temperatures in the 14-day forecast. In Sevier County that's typically the third week of May. Black plastic mulch + floating row cover let you push planting 7-10 days earlier.
+How long does dill take from seed to harvest?
55 days from direct sowing. Days-to-maturity is a baseline — cool springs add a week or two; hot summers can speed up by similar amounts. Use it for planning, not as a strict calendar.
+What's the spacing between dill plants?
6" between plants in the row, 12" between rows. That gives mature plants room to fill in without competing. Closer spacing reduces yield per plant; wider spacing wastes garden space. The numbers come from average mature plant size at full vegetative growth — adjust slightly for compact varieties (closer) or large heirlooms (wider).
Sources:Johnny’s Selected Seeds·USU Extension·Cross-checked with our greenhouse logs.